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Recently, at the hands-on workshop in the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Russian visitor Kosareva Kseniia leaned over her workstation, intently focused as she repeatedly polished a water-dampened jade stone with a file—wetting, wiping, grinding, and wiping again. Her rhythmic movements reflected quiet patience and dedication.

“These aren’t just handicrafts,” she said. “Through these physical objects, I want to tell my family the story of a World Heritage site.”

Foreign tourists experience jade making techniques in the experience workshop of Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.

To mark China’s 20th annual Cultural and Natural Heritage Day, reporters visited three of Hangzhou’s UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites—West Lake, the Grand Canal (Hangzhou section), and the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins—to explore how the city is innovating in the protection, inheritance, and revitalization of its cultural heritage.

The Liangzhu culture serves as compelling evidence of over 5,000 years of Chinese civilization. The core of this culture lies at the Liangzhu archaeological site in Hangzhou.

Where Did Liangzhu Come From?

The name “Liangzhu” means “a beautiful islet amid water.” The site was first discovered in 1936. On July 6, 2019, the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins were officially inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

A view of the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang

“Extensive archaeological evidence clearly shows that Liangzhu had already developed into a civilized society as early as 5,300 years ago. It represents the earliest known state-level civilization in China, and also the earliest in East Asia,” said Chen Shoutian, Vice President and Secretary-General of the Zhejiang Provincial Association for the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics.

In international academic discourse, a society is typically considered a civilization only if it meets three criteria—evidence of writing, metallurgy, and urbanization—confirmed through archaeological excavation.

Foreign tourists visit Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

Zhao Hui, former Dean of the School of Archaeology and Museology at Peking University, stated in an earlier interview that prior to the discovery of the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins, many Western scholars believed China’s earliest civilization emerged around 3,500 years ago during the Shang Dynasty.

Since the 1980s, however, a series of major archaeological discoveries—particularly those related to the Liangzhu city site and its surrounding hydraulic systems—culminating in its UNESCO World Heritage listing, have led the international academic community to change its views. Many globally renowned archaeologists now openly recognize that “the Liangzhu society had already entered the stage of early state civilization 5,300 years ago.”

The people of Liangzhu held jade in the highest esteem and used it extensively. As a result, archaeological excavations have uncovered large quantities of exquisite jade artifacts such as cong and bi.

Foreign tourists visit Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

“Only after trying it myself did I truly realize how advanced the jade craftsmanship of the Liangzhu people was 5,000 years ago,” said Zhao Zhao, a young visitor from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, as he polished a piece of jade. “Experiencing it near the archaeological site gives me a surreal sense of crafting side-by-side with our ancient ancestors across millennia.”

As one of the representative cultures in China's broader initiative to trace the origins of its civilization, Liangzhu is not only a cultural treasure of China, but also a shared legacy of all humanity.

Foreign tourists visit Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

Today, the Liangzhu culture is being revitalized through ongoing innovation. Leveraging Zhejiang and Hangzhou’s strengths in the digital economy, efforts are underway to develop digital products based on the Liangzhu culture, enabling the world to truly “see and understand Liangzhu.”

“Profound heritage, exquisite relics.” At the Liangzhu Museum, the moment a visitor puts on AR glasses, virtual 3D artifacts spring to life in the palm of their hand, creating a mesmerizing fusion of antiquity and modernity.

With the smart integration of contemporary technology, distant history is no longer confined to cold text and static images—it becomes vivid, interactive, and engaging.

A view of the Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang

According to Wang Shu, Party Secretary and Director of the Liangzhu Ruins Administrative Committee, the local government has adhered to the principle of “protection first” while building the Liangzhu Ancient City Digital Experience Hall. This facility has launched a series of innovative programs such as virtual spring tours, livestream events, and online exhibitions, offering visitors fresh and engaging ways to deepen their understanding of Chinese civilization.

Meanwhile, in an effort to foster dialogue between Chinese civilization and other world civilizations—and to share the story of this “sacred cradle of civilization” with the global community—Liangzhu is actively building a “bring in and go out” international cooperation framework. Platforms such as the Liangzhu International Archaeological Center and China’s first national-level archaeological specimen warehouse dedicated to a key heritage site have since been established. (End)

譯文：

體驗數(shù)字技術(shù)中的良渚文明 在杭州感受中華文化魅力

近日，在浙江杭州良渚古城遺址公園的體驗工坊內(nèi)，來自俄羅斯的安吉(Kosareva Kseniia)俯身在工作臺前，神情專注地拿銼刀在沾水的玉石上反復(fù)打磨，沾水、擦拭，再打磨、再擦拭，動作在循環(huán)中透著耐心。

“這些不只是手工藝品?！卑布f，“我要把世界遺產(chǎn)的故事，借由這些實物講給家人聽”。

時值中國第20個“文化和自然遺產(chǎn)日”，記者于近日走進西湖文化景觀、中國大運河（杭州段）、良渚古城遺址三大世界文化遺產(chǎn)，了解杭州在文化遺產(chǎn)保護、傳承與利用的創(chuàng)新路徑。

良渚文化是中國五千多年文明史的重要見證。位于杭州的良渚遺址是良渚文化的核心遺址。

良渚從哪來？

“良渚”意即“美麗的水中之洲”。良渚遺址，1936年首次被發(fā)現(xiàn)。2019年7月6日，良渚古城遺址成功列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。

“大量考古學物證充分證明，早在距今5300年，良渚已經(jīng)進入了文明社會。良渚文明是迄今發(fā)現(xiàn)的中華大地上最早的國家文明，也是東亞地區(qū)最早的文明?！闭憬∥奈锉Ｗo利用協(xié)會副會長兼秘書長陳壽田說。

在國際語境中，只有經(jīng)過考古發(fā)掘?qū)嵶C具備“文字、金屬、城市”三要素的才夠得上“文明”。

北京大學考古文博學院原院長趙輝此前受訪時表示，在良渚古城遺址被發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，很多西方學者認為，中國最早的文明起源是距今3500年左右的商代。

20世紀80年代以來，隨著良渚古城、良渚古城外圍水利工程等重大考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，特別是良渚古城遺址申遺成功，國際學術(shù)界改變了看法。眾多世界知名考古學家公開承認“5300年前的良渚社會已經(jīng)進入了早期國家文明階段”。

良渚先民推崇玉文化、大量使用玉器。為此，該遺址考古出土了玉琮、玉璧等大量精美文物。

“自己體驗過，才知道5000年前，良渚先民的制作工藝有多高超?！眮碜哉憬B興的青年趙昭邊打磨玉石邊感慨，“在遺址區(qū)附近體驗，有種穿越千年、與先民共制手工藝品的奇妙感覺”。

作為中華文明探源工程的代表性文化之一，良渚不僅是中國文明的瑰寶，也是全人類共同的財富。

當前，良渚文化正不斷創(chuàng)新活化，借力浙江和杭州的數(shù)字經(jīng)濟先發(fā)優(yōu)勢，研究良渚文化數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，讓世界能夠真正“看懂良渚、讀懂良渚”。

“底蘊深厚，文物精美?！痹诹间静┪镌簝?nèi)，戴上AR眼鏡的那一刻，虛擬3D文物瞬間躍然于安吉掌心之上，上演著一場古老與現(xiàn)代的奇妙邂逅。

得益于現(xiàn)代科技的巧妙融入，那些遙遠的歷史不再是冰冷的文字與圖片，而是變得生動可感、可觀可觸。

據(jù)杭州良渚遺址管理區(qū)黨工委書記、管委會主任王姝介紹，在“保護第一”的前提下，當?shù)卮蛟炝肆间竟懦菙?shù)智體驗館，開展了“云春游”“云直播”“云展覽”等一系列活動，讓大家在新奇的體驗中加深對中華文明的認識。

與此同時，為推動中華文明與世界不同文明加強對話、增進共識，面向世界講好“文明圣地”故事，良渚還在著力構(gòu)建“請進來走出去”國際合作機制，良渚國際考古中心、首個國家重點地區(qū)考古標本庫房等平臺相繼成立。（完）